Rulership and Representations: Reconsidering the Religious Identity of Prince Ananda

Liu Haiwei (劉 海威)

doi:10.13173/centasiaj.64.1-2.0165

Rulership and Representations: Reconsidering the Religious Identity of Prince Ananda

Liu Haiwei (劉海威)

Pages 165 - 181

DOI https://doi.org/10.13173/centasiaj.64.1-2.0165

According to the Persian source Jami al-Tawarikh, Prince Ananda, a grandson of Qubilai Khan, converted to Islam and persecuted other religions in his domains. By analysing Chinese, Korean and Tibetan sources, this article shows that Ananda patronised Buddhism and Daoism. While these non-Persian sources do not dismiss Ananda's Muslim identity, they call into questions the narrative that he persecuted non-Islamic beliefs. This article argues that Ananda's Muslim identity did not prevent him from protecting the different religions in his domains. Furthermore, this article shows that Ananda was respectively represented as a pious Muslim, a devoted Buddhist, and a virtuous ruler in Muslim, Buddhist, and Chinese sources. It argues that the different representations of Ananda resulted from two inter-related factors, the rulership adopted by Mongol rulers to exert influence in the different cultures of their subjects and the inclination shared by the Islamic, Buddhist and Chinese historiographical traditions to identify the Mongol rulers with their respective cultures.

波斯史料《史集》記載，忽必烈之孫安西王阿難答皈依伊斯蘭教，並在其封地內迫害其他信仰。本文分析漢文、藏文以及高麗史料，顯示阿難答支持佛教，保護道教。雖然這些記載並不否定阿難答的穆斯林身份，但質疑了阿難答迫害其他信仰的說法。本文認為，《史集》作者拉施圖丁為了突顯合贊汗的影響，誇大了阿難答對其他宗教信仰的敵視態度。本文顯示，阿難答在不同史料中被塑造成不同形象，如虔誠的穆斯林、佛教的支持者以及儒家傳統的信徒。本文認為，出現不同描述的原因有兩點。第一，蒙古統治者試圖在不同的文化中扮演不同的角色，以構建其政治合法性。第二，儒家、佛教以及伊斯蘭教的歷史編撰者均試圖將蒙古統治者構建為他們各自文化的信仰者。

Hunan University Yuelu Academy 湖南大學嶽麓書院

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Central Asiatic Journal

Rulership and Representations: Reconsidering the Religious Identity of Prince Ananda

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