On the Etymology of Tian Shan, Kunlun and Sayan Mountains frontmatter Jingyi Gao Central Asiatic Journal, Jahrgang 66 (2024), Ausgabe 1-2, Seite 1 - 15 For the sake of analysing the etymologies of Tian Shan, Kunlun and Sayan Mountains, based on their geographic locations, this article compares Sinitic, Tibeto-Burman, Tocharian, Yeniseian, Turkic, Mongolic, Manchu-Tungus and Uralic etymologies (etyma) in the present study. Using etymological methods, the present study has identified ten (10) Sinitic and extra-Sinitic shared etymologies. Three Sinitic and Tocharian shared etymologies belong to a rhyme correspondence. Four Sinitic and Yeniseian etymologies belong to another rhyme correspondence. The regular sound correspondences validate the etymological connections between Sinitic and Tocharian or Yeniseian. The etymology of the Tian Shan (Qilian) Mountain is the term for ‘sky’ in a Sinitic related language. The etymology of Kunlun Mountain is the term for ‘earth’ in the same Sinitic related language. The etymology of Sayan Mountain is the term for ‘mountain’ in Proto-Sino-Tocharian.天山、崑崙山、薩彥嶺三山名語源研究為研究天山、崑崙山、薩彥嶺三山名的語源，基於其地理位置，此研究比較漢 語、藏緬語、吐火羅語、葉尼塞語、突厥語、蒙古語、滿通古斯語以及烏拉爾 語的語源單位（語正）。運用語源學方法，此研究共鑒定10 則漢語與非漢語 共有語正。其中3 則漢語與吐火羅語共有語正構成1 項等韻對應規律，4 則漢 語與葉尼塞語共有語正構成另1 項等韻對應規律。這些語音對應規律驗證了漢 語與吐火羅語、漢語與葉尼塞語的語源關係。天山名的語源是一種漢語關係語 言中表示“天”的詞語。昆侖山名的語源是同一種漢語關係語言中表示“地” 的詞語。薩彥嶺山名的語源是原始漢—吐火羅語中表示“山”的詞語。關鍵詞：語源學、天山、祁連、崑崙、薩彥嶺、吐火羅語、葉尼塞語、漢語、匈系、夏匈系
Xiongnu and Huns Identified by Xiongnu, Hungarian, Yeniseian and Sinitic Shared Etymologies article Jingyi Gao Central Asiatic Journal, Jahrgang 65 (2023), Ausgabe 1-2, Seite 43 - 67 Using etymological methods, the present study has identified ten (10) Hunnic (Xiongnu) etymologies (etyma) in Xia-Hunnic core member languages. Eight of ten Xiongnu etyma are identified in Yeniseian; seven in Sinitic; six in Hungarian. Some etyma form four regular sound correspondences. These regular sound changes validate the etymological connection between the Xia-Hunnic core member languages. This linguistic connection confirms the identification of Huns (primarily known in Europe) and Xiongnu (primarily known in Asia).以匈奴語匈牙利語葉尼塞語漢語共有語源單位鑒定匈奴與匈人一致運用語源學方法，此研究共鑒定10 則匈系語源單位（語正）於夏匈系核心語 言。10 則中的8 則見於葉尼塞語；7 則見於漢語；6 則見於匈牙利語。其中部 分語源單位構成4 項語音對應規律。這些語音對應規律驗證了夏匈語系核心語 言之間的語源關係。以上語言學關聯確認了匈人（首要認知於歐洲）與匈奴（首要認知於亞洲）的一致性。
