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The Manchu Language “Ula region Map” // 滿文《烏喇等處地方圖》考


Seiten 179 - 238

DOI https://doi.org/10.13173/centasiaj.59.1-2.0179




國立台北故宮博物院藏《烏喇等處地方圖》即為康熙二十九年巴海等人,經三路視察黑龍江東北兔乎魯河流域後,繪製而成。康熙時期的滿文檔案一般都稱之為《原任都統巴海繪製帶來圖》,這一滿文標題與我們現在看到的後人整理補加的漢文標題《烏喇等處地方圖》有別。該圖在滿文檔案中雖然出現“巴海繪製”等字樣,其實巴海只是負責監督繪製任務,並非親自繪製,這樣考慮的一個理由是,康熙二十九年巴海三路前往查勘圖中河流山川時,隨隊帶有畫匠等專業畫手。可惜的是,檔案資料未能給我們留下當年畫匠的名字,當時如何招募畫匠繪製輿圖等一系列問題,作為我們今後繼續探討的課題,有待將來深入研究。



In the year of 1689, the Qing and Russian empires concluded the Treaty of Nerchinsk. The following year, Heilongjiang General Sabsu and Ningguta General Bahai reorganised their armies into nine battalions, and proceeded to the Amur River valley for inspecting the border. After that, the inspection of the border had become institutionalised, with the annual inspections to the north of the Amur River serving as a model for settling border disputes with Russia. Many instruments and maps in Manchu have survived, albeit only known to a small circle of scholars.


This paper discusses the “Ula region Map”, kept at the National Palace Museum in Taibei, which was directly used for the inspection of the lower reaches of the Amur River, as well as the basin of the Henggun River and Tuhuru River. Sources from Manchu archives detail the inspection plans of the nine battalions, the structure of the armies, as well as of the “Great Qing unification project” of the Kangxi period. The region of Heilongjiang, its mountains and rivers, checkpoints, monuments, local products, and human settlements, are explored in this map, and the link to the political ‘Qing project’ made obvious. The map was executed by Ningguta General Bahai in 1690 – in conjunction with his technical advisors, whose names are unfortunately unknown. To find out more about the latter will need to become a research project for the future.


(日本大阪) 追手門學院大學

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